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    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention discloses a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, and relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and polymeric functional materials; dissolving alkali Iignin in a polar solvent, slowly adding an initiator to an obtained alkali lignin solution, heating to 90-180°C under protection of nitrogen, slowly adding long-chain alkane methoxysilane to react to obtain a modified alkali lignin solution, settling the modified alkali lignin solution to separate out an alkali lignin modifier, drying for later use, dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in the polar solvent again to obtain a solution, soaking a sponge in the solution, taking out the sponge and drying, to obtain superhydrophobic Iignin sponge; a modified Iignin-processed sponge is utilized to form a super-hydrophobic sponge, and the super-hydrophobic sponge has strong selectivity, and strong oil absorption capacity, adopts raw materials which are cheap and rich in source, belongs to cyclic comprehensive application of biomass raw materials, and thus has good application prospect and economical benefit.
    公开号:NL2025891A
    申请号:NL2025891
    申请日:2020-06-23
    公开日:2021-01-26
    发明作者:Wang Shoujuan；Sun Haodong；Kong Fangong
    申请人:Univ Qilu Technology；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    PREPARATION METHOD OF SUPER-HYDROPHOBIC LIGNIN SPONGE WITH OIL-WATER SEPARATION FUNCTION
    TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention discloses a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, and relates to the technical field of chemical engineering and polymeric functional materials.
    BACKGROUD Lignin is wide in resource in the nature, ranking only second to cellulose, and is one of the richest natural high polymers of the nature. Lignin not only exists in wood raw materials, but also exists in herbage raw materials such as wheat straw and reed. Lignin is an essential component in wood raw materials, and in wood, lignin combines cellulose with hemicellulose by a chemical or physical method, to increase the physical strength of wood, so that wood can completely grow in a natural environment without corrosion.
    The super-hydrophobic surface means that a contact angle on the surface of a material is greater than 150° and a sliding angle is smaller than 10°. Due to superstrong hydrophobic and oleophilic properties, a super-hydrophobic surface material has a wide prospect in the problem of disposing oil-water separation. Especially in environmental governance, for example, oil leakage accident frequently occurring in recent years, severe damage is caused to the environment, causing huge economic loss, oil-water separation functional materials may be selected for disposal of leaking crude oil and organic matters, to be used for water pollution governance, and in comparison with common burning methods for disposing oil leakage on a water surface and a surfactant dispersion method, an adsorption method has the advantages of reducing secondary pollution, avoiding crude oil waste and fundamentally disposing leakage of crude oil and organic matters.
    The present invention provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, a modified lignin-processed sponge is utilized to form a super-hydrophobic sponge, and the super-hydrophobic sponge has strong selectivity, and strong oil absorption capacity, adopts raw materials which are cheap and rich in source, belongs to cyclic comprehensive application of biomass raw materials, and thus has good application prospect and economical benefit.
    SUMMARY Directed to problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function.
    A specific scheme provided by the present invention is: a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function: dissolving alkali lignin in a polar solvent, slowly adding an initiator to an obtained alkali lignin solution, heating to 90- 180°C under protection of nitrogen, slowly adding long-chain alkane methoxysilane to react to obtain a modified alkali lignin solution, settling the modified alkali lignin solution to separate out an alkali lignin modifier, and drying for later use, and dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in the polar solvent again to obtain an alkali lignin modifier solution, soaking a sponge in the alkali lignin modifier solution, taking out the sponge and drying, to obtain a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge.
    According to the preparation method, dissolving alkali lignin in any polar solvent out of acetone, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide and DMSO.
    According to the preparation method, slowly adding a triethylamine or sodium alkoxide initiator with mass concentration of 1%-10% to an obtained alkali lignin solution.
    According to the preparation method, slowly adding an initiator to an obtained alkali lignin solution, heating to 90-180°C under the protection of nitrogen, and slowly adding long-chain alkane methoxysilane with mass concentration of 1%-20% to react to obtain a modified alkali lignin solution.
    According to the preparation method, reacting for 2-10h to obtain a modified alkali lignin solution.
    According to the preparation method, the long-chain alkane methoxysilane refers to that from dodecyl trimethylsilane to octadecyl trimethylsilane.
    According to the preparation method, dissolving alkali lignin in the polar solvent to obtain an alkali lignin solution with mass concentration of 1%-15%.
    According to the preparation method, the mass fraction of the modified alkali lignin solution obtained after reacting is 2-10%.
    According to the preparation method, performing ultrasonic washing on the sponge for 1-10h, drying the sponge and then soaking in the alkali lignin modifier solution.
    A super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, being prepared by the foregoing preparation method.
    An application method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, which is an application utilizing the super-hydrophobic lignin sponge to perform oil-water separation. An oil phase in oil-water separation mentioned in the present invention refers to any non-hydrophilic liquid substance.
    The present invention has the following benefits: the present invention provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, which utilizes modifying lignin to perform micro-nano modification on a soaked sponge in a mechanical solvent, to obtain a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge, and the contact angles of the super- hydrophobic lignin sponge all reach greater than 161° and oil-water separation efficiency may be higher than 98%; and according to the present invention, alkali lignin is dissolved in a polar solvent to obtain a lignin solution, an initiator is added to the lignin solution, pretreatment is performed on lignin in the solution by utilizing strong basicity of the initiator to increase the quantity of phenolic hydroxyl groups, heating is performed under the protection of nitrogen to generate hydrolysis reaction with long-chain alkane methoxysilane, so as to realize silylation of lignin and obtain super-hydrophobic modified lignin of a net stereostructure of a long-chain alkane methoxysilane framework, meanwhile, lignin contains a large quantity of hydroxide radicals and has certain rigidity, which lays good foundation for grafting reagents with low surface energy and constructing rough surfaces, so that a sponge soaked in an alkali lignin modifier solution can adsorb modified lignin to have a super-hydrophobicity property, therefore, separation efficiency and the adaptability of an application scope are improved.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an SEM diagram of a sponge before modification, indicating that the surface of an original sponge structure is smooth; FIG. 3 is a sponge SEM diagram modified by the method of the present invention, indicating that the sponge surface is rough and contains particles, and a super-hydrophobic surface rough structure is successfully constructed.
    FIG. 4 is a contact angle picture of the sponge modified by the method of the present invention, a contact angle on the surface of the sponge reaching 162°, which reaches a super-hydrophobicity level.
    FIG. 5 is an infrared spectrogram of alkali lignin before and after modification, infrared absorption peaks at 1064cm and 720cm! respectively representing the stretching vibration of an O-Si-O bond and an Si-C bond, indicating that a graft has already exist on lignin.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The present invention provides a preparation method of a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function: dissolving alkali lignin in a polar solvent, slowly adding an initiator to an obtained alkali lignin solution, heating to 90- 180°C under protection of nitrogen, slowly adding long-chain alkane methoxysilane to react to obtain a modified alkali lignin solution, settling the modified alkali lignin solution to separate out an alkali lignin modifier, and drying for later use, and dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in the polar solvent again to obtain a solution, soaking a sponge in the solution, taking out the sponge and drying, to obtain a super- hydrophobic lignin sponge.
    Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a super-hydrophobic lignin sponge prepared according to the foregoing method. Experimental analysis is performed on application of the super-hydrophobic lignin sponge in oil-water separation.
    Alkali lignin is processed with long-chain alkane methoxysilane to obtain modified alkali lignin, and a chemical equation is as follows:
    or £6 ST f 3 CHy & 7 ee + ema DOM SS cor . QCH, ie The following further describes the present invention in combination with drawings and specific embodiments, so that technicians of the field may better understand and implement the present invention, however, the embodiments should 5 not be deemed as limitation to the present invention.
    Embodiment 1 a. performing ultrasonic washing on a melamine sponge in an ethanol solution for 2h, and drying to be treated;
    b. dissolving alkali lignin in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin solution with mass fraction of 8%, dissolving sodium methoxide in ethanol to prepare a sodium methoxide solution with mass fraction of 1%, slowly mixing the alkali lignin solution with the sodium methoxide solution, heating to 110°C under the protection of nitrogen, then slowly adding dodecyl trimethoxy silane with mass fraction of 2%,
    reacting and stirring for 4h to form a steady modified alkali lignin solution; settling and separating out modified alkali lignin with ethanol to obtain an alkali lignin modifier which is then dried for later use;
    c. dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin modifier solution with mass fraction of 8%, soaking a sponge material after being processed in ain the alkali lignin modifier solution, soaking for 1h at room temperature and then taking out, to obtain a micro-nano modified and alkali lignin modified sponge, the surface contact angle of which reaching 162°, which reaches a super-hydrophobicity level; and d. an oil-water separation experimental step: taking a piece of a 5cm*5cm*3cm super-hydrophobic lignin sponge, soaking the sponge in a beaker containing an n- hexane-aqueous solution, adsorbing for 1min and then taking out to weigh.
    Repeating the experiment for five times and then averaging, it is measured by utilizing a weighing method that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the n-hexane- aqueous solution is 98.18%. A computing formula is as follows: Ms lg me expresses the mass of water before adsorption; my expresses the total mass of oil and water before adsorption; mz expresses the total mass of oil and water after adsorption.
    Embodiment 2 a. performing ultrasonic washing on a melamine sponge in an ethanol solution for 1h, and drying to be treated;
    b. dissolving alkali lignin in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin solution with mass fraction of 10%, dissolving sodium methoxide in ethanol to prepare a sodium methoxide solution with mass fraction of 2%, slowly mixing the alkali lignin solution with the sodium methoxide solution, heating to 90°C under the protection of nitrogen,
    then slowly adding tetradecyl trimethoxy silane with mass fraction of 3.5%, reacting and stirring for 5h to form a steady modified alkali lignin solution; settling and separating out modified alkali lignin with ethanol to obtain an alkali lignin modifier which is then dried for later use;
    c. dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin modifier solution with mass fraction of 9%, soaking a sponge material after being processed in a in the alkali lignin modifier solution, soaking for 1.5h at room temperature and then taking out, to obtain a micro-nano modified and alkali lignin modified sponge, the surface contact angle of which reaching 164° which reaches a super- hydrophobicity level, and d. an oil-water separation experimental step: taking a piece of a 5cm*5cm*3cm super-hydrophobic lignin sponge, soaking the sponge in a beaker containing a kerosene-aqueous solution, adsorbing for 1min and then taking out to weigh.
    Repeating the experiment for five times and then averaging, it is measured by utilizing a weighing method that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the kerosene-
    aqueous solution is 99.91%. A computing formula is as follows:
    BE Hs ML Ris m2 expresses the mass of water before adsorption; m; expresses the total mass of oil and water before adsorption; m3 expresses the total mass of oil and water after adsorption. Embodiment 3 a. performing ultrasonic washing on a melamine sponge in an ethanol solution for 3h, and drying to be treated; b. dissolving alkali lignin in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin solution with mass fraction of 11%, dissolving sodium methoxide in ethanol to prepare a sodium methoxide solution with mass fraction of 3%, slowly mixing the alkali lignin solution with the sodium methoxide solution, heating to 100°C under the protection of nitrogen, then slowly adding cetyl trimethoxy silane with mass fraction of 7%, reacting and stirring for 6h to form a steady modified alkali lignin solution; settling and separating out modified alkali lignin with ethanol to obtain an alkali lignin modifier which is then dried for later use; c. dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin modifier solution with mass fraction of 11%, soaking a sponge material after being processed in a in the alkali lignin modifier solution, soaking for 1.5h at room temperature and then taking out, to obtain a micro-nano modified and alkali lignin modified sponge, the surface contact angle of which reaching 161° which reaches a super- hydrophobicity level; and d. an oil-water separation experimental step: taking a piece of a 5cm*5cm*3cm super-hydrophobic lignin sponge, soaking the sponge in a beaker containing a trichloromethane-agueous solution, adsorbing for 1min and then taking out to weigh. Repeating the experiment for five times and then averaging, it is measured by utilizing a weighing method that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the trichloromethane-agueous solution is 99.95%. A computing formula is as follows: my expresses the mass of water before adsorption; my expresses the total mass of oil and water before adsorption; m3 expresses the total mass of oil and water after adsorption.
    Embodiment 4 a. performing ultrasonic washing on a melamine sponge in an ethanol solution for 6h, and drying to be treated; b. dissolving alkali lignin in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin solution with mass fraction of 12%, dissolving sodium methoxide in ethanol to prepare a sodium methoxide solution with mass fraction of 5%, slowly mixing the alkali lignin solution with the sodium methoxide solution, heating to 130°C under the protection of nitrogen, then slowly adding cetyl trimethoxy silane with mass fraction of 4%, reacting and stirring for 8h to form a steady modified alkali lignin solution; settling and separating out modified alkali lignin with ethanol to obtain an alkali lignin modifier which is then dried for later use; c. dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin modifier solution with mass fraction of 13%, soaking a sponge material after being processed ina in the alkali lignin modifier solution, soaking for 2h at room temperature and then taking out, to obtain a micro-nano modified and alkali lignin modified sponge, the surface contact angle of which reaching 165°, which reaches a super-hydrophobicity level; and d. an oil-water separation experimental step: taking a piece of a 5cm*5cm*3cm super-hydrophobic lignin sponge, soaking the sponge in a beaker containing a peanut oil-aqueous solution, adsorbing for 1min and then taking out to weigh.
    Repeating the experiment for five times and then averaging, it is measured by utilizing a weighing method that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the peanut oil-aqueous solution is 99.85%. A computing formula is as follows: 0 ” my expresses the mass of water before adsorption; my expresses the total mass of oil and water before adsorption; m3 expresses the total mass of oil and water after adsorption.
    Embodiment 5 a. performing ultrasonic washing on a melamine sponge in an ethanol solution for 10h, and drying to be treated; b. dissolving alkali lignin in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin solution with mass fraction of 15%, dissolving sodium methoxide in ethanol to prepare a sodium methoxide solution with mass fraction of 6%, slowly mixing the alkali lignin solution with the sodium methoxide solution, heating to 150°C under the protection of nitrogen, then slowly adding cetyl trimethoxy silane with mass fraction of 8%, reacting and stirring for 2h to form a steady modified alkali lignin solution; settling and separating out modified alkali lignin with ethanol to obtain an alkali lignin modifier which is then dried for later use; c. dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin modifier solution with mass fraction of 15%, soaking a sponge material after being processed in a in the alkali lignin modifier solution, soaking for 2h at room temperature and then taking out, to obtain a micro-nano modified and alkali lignin modified sponge, the surface contact angle of which reaching 162°, which reaches a super-hydrophobicity level; and d. an oil-water separation experimental step: taking a piece of a 5cm*5cm*3cm super-hydrophobic lignin sponge, soaking the sponge in a beaker containing a toluene-aqueous solution, adsorbing for 1min and then taking out to weigh. Repeating the experiment for five times and then averaging, it is measured by utilizing a weighing method that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the toluene- aqueous solution is 97.45%. A computing formula is as follows: ML Rs m2 expresses the mass of water before adsorption; m; expresses the total mass of oil and water before adsorption; m3 expresses the total mass of oil and water after adsorption.
    Embodiment 6 a. performing ultrasonic washing on a melamine sponge in an ethanol solution for Sh, and drying to be treated; b. dissolving alkali lignin in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin solution with mass fraction of 5%, dissolving sodium methoxide in ethanol to prepare a sodium methoxide solution with mass fraction of 4%, slowly mixing the alkali lignin solution with the sodium methoxide solution, heating to 180°C under the protection of nitrogen, then slowly adding octadecyl trimethoxy silane with mass fraction of 1%, reacting and stirring for 10h to form a steady modified alkali lignin solution; settling and separating out modified alkali lignin with ethanol to obtain an alkali lignin modifier which is then dried for later use; c. dissolving the alkali lignin modifier in DMF to prepare an alkali lignin modifier solution with mass fraction of 12%, soaking a sponge material after being processed in a in the alkali lignin modifier solution, soaking for 2.5h at room temperature and then taking out, to obtain a micro-nano modified and alkali lignin modified sponge, the surface contact angle of which reaching 163° which reaches a super-
    hydrophobicity level; and d. an oil-water separation experimental step: taking a piece of a 5cm*5cm*3cm super-hydrophobic lignin sponge, soaking the sponge in a beaker containing a petroleum ether-aqueous solution, adsorbing for 1min and then taking out to weigh.
    Repeating the experiment for five times and then averaging, it is measured by utilizing a weighing method that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the petroleum ether-aqueous solution is 98.33%. A computing formula is as follows: ML Rs m2 expresses the mass of water before adsorption; m; expresses the total mass of oil and water before adsorption; ms expresses the total mass of oil and water after adsorption.
    In embodiment 7-embodiment 12, DMF in embodiment 1-embodiment 6 is replaced with DMSO, and other parameters are the same.
    When performing an oil-water separation experiment, it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 164°) prepared in embodiment 7 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the n-hexane-aqueous solution is 98.45%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge prepared in embodiment 8 that the oil-water separation efficiency A the kerosene-aqueous solution is 98.16%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 163°) prepared in embodiment 9 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the trichloromethane-aqueous solution is 89.07%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 162°) prepared in embodiment 10 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the peanut oil-agueous solution is 99.04%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 164°) prepared in embodiment 11 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the toluene-aqueous solution is 98.61%; and it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 162°) prepared in embodiment 12 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the petroleum ether-agueous solution is 98.61%. In embodiment 13-embodiment 18, sodium methoxide in embodiment 1- embodiment 6 is replaced with triethylamine, and other parameters are the same.
    When performing an oil-water separation experiment, it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 161°) prepared in embodiment 13 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the n-hexane-aqueous solution is 98.05%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge prepared in embodiment 14 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the kerosene-aqueous solution is
    98.36%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 163°) prepared in embodiment 15 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the trichloromethane-aqueous solution is 98.27%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 162°) prepared in embodiment 16 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the peanut oil-aqueous solution is 98.24%; it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 164°) prepared in embodiment 17 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the toluene-aqueous solution is 98.31%; and it is measured by utilizing a super-hydrophobic sponge (surface contact angle reaching 161 °) prepared in embodiment 18 that the oil-water separation efficiency A of the petroleum ether-aqueous solution is 98.83%.
    Application of a polar solvent and an initiator of alkali lignin are flexibly combined according to actual conditions on the premise of not departing from the technical scheme of the present invention, the surface contact angle of an obtained sponge reaches 161° and above, the obtained sponge is a super-hydrophobic sponge, and by utilizing the super-hydrophobic sponge to perform oil-water separation experiment, the separation rates of an oil phase and an aqueous phase both reach 98% and above.
    According to the present invention, lignin modification may be performed on lignin extracted from a soda pulping black liquor, and cheap alkali rich in content is utilized to construct a super-hydrophobic rough surface or used as a carrier of low- surface-energy substances, thereby being economical and environment-friendly.
    Other reagents used in the present invention are all reagents that may be purchased or prepared in the prior art, and are not further described herein.
    The foregoing embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for sufficiently describing the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited herein. Equivalent substitution or transformation made by technicians of the technical field on the basis of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
    The protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    A method of manufacturing a superhydrophobic lignin sponge having an oil-water separation function, comprising: dissolving an alkaline lignin in a polar solvent, slowly adding an initiator to a obtained alkaline lignin solution, heating to 30-180 ° C under a protection of nitrogen, adding a long chain methoxysilane alkane slowly to react and obtain a modified solution of alkaline lignin, stabilizing and purifying the modified solution of alkaline lignin to separate an alkaline lignin modifier, and drying for later use, and redissolving the alkaline lignin modifier in the polar solvent to obtain an alkaline lignin modifier solution, soaking a sponge in the alkaline lignin modifier solution, taking out the sponge and drying it so as to to obtain a superhydrophobic lignin sponge gene.
    [2]
    Manufacturing method according to claim 1, comprising dissolving alkaline lignin in a polar solvent such as acetone, dioxane, N, N-dimethylformamide and DMSO.
    [3]
    Manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 2, comprising slowly adding a triethylamine or sodium alkoxide initiator in a mass concentration of 1% -10% with respect to a obtained alkaline lignin solution.
    [4]
    Manufacturing method according to claim 3, comprising slowly adding an initiator to a obtained alkaline lignin solution, heating to 90-180 ° C under a protection of nitrogen, slowly adding a methoxysilane long chain alkane in a mass concentration of 1% -20% to react and obtain a modified alkaline lignin solution.
    [5]
    The method of manufacture according to claim 4, wherein the methoxysilane long chain alkane has the meaning of a dodecyltrimethylsilane to an octadecyltrimethylsilane.
    [6]
    Manufacturing method according to claim 4 or 5, comprising dissolving alkaline lignin in the polar solvent! to obtain an alkaline lignin solution having a mass concentration of 1% - 15%.
    [7]
    Manufacturing method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the mass fraction of the modified alkaline lignin solution obtained after reaction is 2-10%.
    [8]
    The method of manufacture according to claim 7, comprising ultrasonic washing of the sponge for 1-10 hours, drying the sponge, and soaking in the alkaline lignin modifier solution.
    [9]
    Superhydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, which is produced by a manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-8.
    [10]
    Use of a superhydrophobic lignin sponge with an oil-water separation function, using a superhydrophobic lignin sponge according to claim 9 to perform an oil-water separation.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    CN201910547054.2A|CN110227283B|2019-06-24|2019-06-24|Preparation method of super-hydrophobic lignin sponge with oil-water separation function|
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